40 Animals Of Brazil You Should Know

Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries on the planet, home to an incredible variety of wildlife. Animals of Brazil exist everywhere from the dense Amazon rainforest to the Pantanal wetlands and the Atlantic Forest. I think Brazil offers an unparalleled opportunity to see rare and unique animals in their natural habitat.

Whether you’re an avid wildlife photographer, a conservationist, or just someone who loves seeing animals in the wild, Brazil has something to offer.

Key Facts About Animals of Brazil

• Brazil is home to over 100,000 species of animals, making it one of the most biodiverse countries in the world.
• The Amazon Rainforest covers 60% of Brazil and houses about 10% of the world's known species.
• The Pantanal is the best place in the world to spot jaguars in the wild.

40 Animals in Brazil You Can Spot During Your Trip

Brazil is packed with incredible animals, and these are some of the most fascinating species you might encounter:

Mammals in Brazil

Jaguar

The jaguar is the apex predator of South America, known for its strength and elusive nature. It thrives in the Amazon Rainforest and the Pantanal. The best way to see a jaguar in Brazil is by taking a boat safari in the Pantanal, where they are often spotted along riverbanks during the dry season.

Capybara

The world’s largest rodent, the capybara, is a semi-aquatic animal that thrives in wetlands and along riverbanks. These social creatures are often seen in large groups in the Pantanal and near water sources throughout Brazil. They are easy to spot lounging near rivers or grazing in open fields.

Giant Otter

The giant otter is a playful yet fierce predator of Brazilian rivers, known for its loud vocalizations and strong family bonds. These endangered otters can be seen swimming and hunting for fish in the Pantanal and Amazon waterways, where guided canoe tours offer the best opportunities for sightings.

Maned Wolf

The maned wolf, with its long legs and reddish fur, looks more like a fox on stilts than a wolf. It roams the grasslands of the Cerrado, hunting small animals and fruits. The best chance to see one is in Serra da Canastra National Park, particularly at dawn or dusk when they are most active.

Amazon River Dolphin (Pink Dolphin)

The pink river dolphin is one of the Amazon’s most iconic species. These intelligent, curious dolphins are often seen in the flooded forests and rivers of the Amazon basin. Boat tours from Manaus provide the best chances of spotting them, especially in areas where locals interact with them.

Howler Monkey

Howler monkeys are famous for their deep, eerie calls that can be heard from miles away. They inhabit the Amazon and Atlantic forests, often seen lounging in treetops. Guided hikes in national parks such as Jaú National Park provide good opportunities to see them in the wild.

Black Lion Tamarin

This critically endangered primate is one of the rarest monkeys in the world, found only in the Atlantic Forest. Conservation areas such as Morro do Diabo State Park offer guided eco-tours that increase the chances of spotting these elusive tamarins.

South American Tapir

The South American tapir is a large, nocturnal herbivore that plays a crucial role in seed dispersal. They are found in the Amazon, Pantanal, and Cerrado. The best way to see them is during nighttime safaris in the Pantanal, where they often wander near water sources.

Ocelot

A smaller relative of the jaguar, the ocelot is a nocturnal feline that prefers dense forests. Although difficult to spot, they can sometimes be seen on night safaris in the Pantanal or near protected reserves where they are studied.

Puma

The elusive puma, also known as the mountain lion, roams a wide range of habitats from the Amazon to the Cerrado. Though sightings are rare due to their secretive nature, they have been occasionally spotted in remote areas of the Pantanal.

Birds in Brazil

Hyacinth Macaw

The vibrant blue Hyacinth Macaw is the largest parrot species in the world and is commonly found in the Pantanal. These striking birds are often seen flying in pairs near palm trees or perching in open savannas.

Toco Toucan

Recognizable by its oversized orange beak, the Toco Toucan is a striking bird that thrives in the Amazon and Atlantic forests. They are relatively easy to spot along forest edges and near fruiting trees.

Harpy Eagle

One of the most powerful birds of prey, the Harpy Eagle, hunts monkeys and sloths in the Amazon Rainforest. Guided birdwatching tours in deep jungle areas, such as Cristalino Lodge, offer a rare chance to see them.

Blue-and-Yellow Macaw

These colorful macaws are common in both the Amazon and Pantanal. They are often seen in pairs or small flocks, making loud calls as they fly between treetops.

Red-and-Green Macaw

A staple of the Amazon’s vibrant ecosystem, the Red-and-Green Macaw is frequently spotted in clay licks where they feed on mineral-rich soil. Manu National Park is an excellent location for seeing them in large numbers.

Jabiru Stork

Standing over five feet tall, the Jabiru Stork is the tallest flying bird in South America. It is commonly seen wading through Pantanal wetlands, searching for fish and amphibians.

King Vulture

With its striking colors and impressive wingspan, the King Vulture can be spotted in the Amazon and Pantanal. They are often seen soaring above carcasses, scavenging alongside other vultures.

Amazonian Parrotlet

This tiny green parrot is a social bird found in the Amazon Rainforest. They are frequently seen in flocks around fruiting trees and near riverbanks.

Scarlet Ibis

Known for its bright red feathers, the Scarlet Ibis inhabits Brazil’s coastal regions and mangroves. The best places to see them are along the northern coast and in the Pantanal.

Cock-of-the-Rock

The Cock-of-the-Rock is famous for its vivid orange plumage and elaborate courtship dances. It is found in the cloud forests of the Atlantic Forest, where they perform displays at lek sites.

Reptiles & Amphibians in Brazil

Green Anaconda

The Green Anaconda is the largest snake in the world by weight and is found in swamps and rivers of the Amazon. Guided river expeditions in the Amazon give the best chance of seeing one.

Caiman Lizard

This strikingly patterned lizard is a strong swimmer and preys on snails in the Amazon basin. They are commonly seen basking on branches near the water.

Black Caiman

The largest caiman species, the Black Caiman, is a dominant predator in the Amazon. Nighttime river tours are the best way to spot their glowing eyes along the water’s edge.

Yellow Anaconda

Smaller than the Green Anaconda, the Yellow Anaconda thrives in the wetlands of the Pantanal, where it hunts birds and small mammals.

Red-Footed Tortoise

This slow-moving tortoise is found in rainforests and savannas. They can be spotted in national parks, especially near fallen fruit.

Poison Dart Frog

Known for their vivid colors, Poison Dart Frogs inhabit the Amazon’s humid understory. Guided jungle walks are the best way to spot them among leaf litter.

Mata Mata Turtle

A bizarre-looking turtle that blends perfectly with submerged vegetation, the Mata Mata can be seen in slow-moving Amazonian waters.

Bushmaster Snake

One of the largest and deadliest vipers in the world, the Bushmaster Snake is rarely seen due to its secretive habits. It is occasionally spotted in remote Amazonian reserves.

Eyelash Viper

A beautifully camouflaged snake, the Eyelash Viper is found in the Atlantic Forest, often resting on branches above trails.

Coral Snake

Highly venomous yet reclusive, Coral Snakes can be found in Brazil’s forests, but sightings are rare.

Aquatic Life in Brazil

Arapaima

One of the world’s largest freshwater fish, the Arapaima, inhabits Amazonian rivers. They are commonly seen surfacing for air.

Electric Eel

Capable of delivering powerful shocks, the Electric Eel is found in the murky waters of the Amazon.

Piranha

These notorious fish are common in the Amazon and Pantanal. They can be seen during boat tours, especially when baiting the water.

Freshwater Stingray

The Amazon’s rivers are home to numerous stingray species, often seen buried in sandy riverbeds.

River Turtle

Various species of freshwater turtles are commonly spotted sunbathing along riverbanks in the Amazon.

Bull Shark

These aggressive sharks have been found near the mouth of the Amazon River, making them one of the few sharks that can survive in freshwater.

Insects & Arachnids in Brazil

Leafcutter Ant

Leafcutter ants are fascinating insects known for their highly organized colonies and ability to carry leaves many times their own weight. These ants use the leaves to cultivate fungus, which serves as their primary food source. They are commonly found in the Amazon Rainforest, where you can spot long trails of worker ants carrying leaf fragments back to their underground nests. Guided jungle hikes often reveal these impressive ant highways along forest floors.

Goliath Birdeater Spider

The Goliath Birdeater Spider is one of the largest spiders in the world, with a leg span that can reach up to a foot in length. Despite its name, it rarely eats birds, instead preying on insects, small rodents, and amphibians. It resides in the Amazon, where it burrows in moist forest floors. The best way to see one is during nighttime jungle walks, as they are nocturnal hunters.

Bullet Ant

Known for having one of the most painful stings of any insect, the Bullet Ant is found in the rainforests of Brazil. Their sting has been compared to being shot, which is how they earned their name. Despite their fearsome reputation, they are generally not aggressive unless provoked. They are commonly found in lowland rainforests, and careful observation during a guided trek may reveal them on tree trunks or foraging on the ground.

Hercules Beetle

The Hercules Beetle is one of the largest and strongest beetles in the world, with males sporting massive horns used for fighting over mates. Found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests, these beetles are primarily active at night. They are most often spotted clinging to trees or near decomposing wood. During the rainy season, when beetle activity is at its peak, guided nighttime tours offer the best chance to see them in their natural habitat.

Where to See Animals in Brazil

Brazil’s diverse landscapes provide different environments for wildlife viewing. Whether you’re venturing deep into the rainforest or exploring vast wetlands, there are plenty of options for seeing Brazil’s iconic wildlife in their natural habitat. Here are the best regions to visit:

Amazon Rainforest

The Amazon is the crown jewel of Brazil’s biodiversity. Covering over 60% of the country, this dense and complex ecosystem is home to jaguars, pink river dolphins, anacondas, and countless bird species. The best way to explore the Amazon is by boat—multi-day river tours take you deep into the forest, allowing you to spot wildlife along the banks. Guided jungle treks are also an option, where expert guides can point out well-camouflaged creatures like sloths and poison dart frogs. The city of Manaus is the main gateway for Amazon trips, offering a range of eco-lodges and river expeditions.

Pantanal Wetlands

If you’re serious about wildlife photography or want the highest chance of spotting big cats, the Pantanal is where you need to go.

Unlike the dense Amazon, the Pantanal is an open wetland, making it much easier to see animals. This is the best place in the world to spot jaguars in the wild, especially during the dry season from June to October. Besides jaguars in Pantanal, you’ll see capybaras, giant otters, caimans, and a variety of birdlife, including the striking Hyacinth Macaw. The best way to explore is on a guided safari, either by boat or in a 4×4 vehicle.

The Pantanal is accessible via the cities of Cuiabá and Campo Grande, where you can arrange tours and lodges.

Atlantic Forest

The Atlantic Forest, though lesser known than the Amazon, is one of the most important ecosystems in Brazil. This lush rainforest once covered much of the country’s coastline but has been heavily deforested, making conservation efforts crucial. It’s a fantastic place to see rare and endemic species like the Golden Lion Tamarin, Black Lion Tamarin, and Red-billed Curassow.

The best areas for wildlife spotting include Serra do Mar State Park and Itatiaia National Park. Unlike the Amazon, many of the Atlantic Forest reserves have well-marked trails, making it an excellent destination for hiking and birdwatching.

Cerrado Savanna

Brazil’s Cerrado is a vast savanna ecosystem that is often overshadowed by the Amazon, but it’s just as rich in biodiversity.

This dry and open landscape is home to fascinating creatures like the Maned Wolf, Giant Anteater, and Armadillo. It’s one of the best places in the country for wildlife safaris outside the rainforest, offering a completely different experience.

The best place to explore the Cerrado is the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, known for its waterfalls, rock formations, and diverse wildlife. If you’re interested in spotting rare mammals, this is an excellent place to visit.

How to See Animals in Brazil

Eco-Tours and Guided Safaris

Seeing wildlife in Brazil can be a life-changing experience, but it’s important to do it responsibly. The vast ecosystems of Brazil, from the Amazon Rainforest to the Pantanal and the Atlantic Forest, provide a range of opportunities to see incredible animals, but navigating them alone can be overwhelming. Joining an eco-tour ensures that you have knowledgeable guides who respect the environment, understand animal behavior, and know where to find elusive species.

Here are some of the best eco-tour options available:

• Amazon River Tours: Multi-day boat trips through the Amazon Rainforest allow you to explore deep into remote regions of the forest, far from the more crowded tourist spots. These tours offer a chance to see pink river dolphins gliding through the water, caimans lurking near the banks, and the occasional jaguar resting on a branch overhanging the river. Many tours offer nighttime wildlife excursions, where you can spot nocturnal species like tree frogs, owls, and fishing bats.
• Pantanal Jaguar Safaris: If spotting a jaguar is on your bucket list, then the Pantanal is your best bet. Unlike the dense Amazon, the Pantanal's open wetlands make it significantly easier to see animals. Jaguar safaris usually take place on small riverboats, which navigate through waterways where jaguars frequently come to drink or hunt. These safaris also provide opportunities to see giant otters, tapirs, and an incredible variety of birds.
• Atlantic Forest Birding Tours: Brazil is home to some of the most colorful and rare birds in the world, making it a paradise for birdwatchers. The Atlantic Forest is particularly special because it holds a high number of endemic species, meaning birds that can’t be found anywhere else. Guided birding tours focus on spotting rare and endangered birds such as the Harpy Eagle, Red-billed Curassow, and various species of toucans and macaws.
• Cerrado Night Safaris: The Cerrado, a vast savanna-like ecosystem, is often overlooked but provides a different experience compared to the Amazon. A night safari here allows you to see rare nocturnal animals like the Maned Wolf, Giant Anteater, and various species of owls and armadillos.

Best Time to Visit Brazil

While Brazil's wildlife is present year-round, the best time to visit varies depending on the region you’re exploring.

• Amazon Rainforest: The dry season (July to December) is generally better for hiking and spotting terrestrial animals. However, the wet season (January to June) is ideal for river-based wildlife spotting, as the water level rises and makes more areas accessible by boat.
• Pantanal: The dry season (May to October) is the best time to visit because animals gather around the remaining water sources, making sightings easier.
• Atlantic Forest: The best time to visit depends on your goal. If you’re birdwatching, the breeding season (September to March) is excellent for spotting vibrant birds performing courtship displays.
• Cerrado: The dry season (April to October) is the best time for seeing larger mammals, as the sparse vegetation makes them easier to spot.

No matter when you visit, a little planning can help you maximize your wildlife experience while ensuring your trip has minimal environmental impact.

Nonprofits Helping Animals in Brazil

Brazil is home to numerous conservation organizations that work tirelessly to protect its rich biodiversity. These nonprofits focus on preserving habitats, rehabilitating wildlife, and promoting sustainable practices to ensure the survival of Brazil’s most vulnerable species.

Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio)

ICMBio is a government-backed organization responsible for managing Brazil’s national parks and protected areas. They work on habitat conservation, scientific research, and environmental education to preserve wildlife throughout the country. Visiting national parks under ICMBio’s management supports their conservation efforts.

Projeto Tamar

Dedicated to the conservation of Brazil’s sea turtles, Projeto Tamar has been instrumental in protecting nesting sites along the coastline. They work with local communities to ensure that turtle populations recover through hatchery programs and educational initiatives. Visitors can explore their research centers along the Brazilian coast to learn more about their work.

SOS Pantanal

This nonprofit focuses on protecting the Pantanal, one of the world’s largest wetlands. The Pantanal is home to jaguars, giant otters, and numerous bird species, but it faces threats from deforestation and wildfires. SOS Pantanal works on conservation projects and ecotourism initiatives to promote sustainable land use and protect the region’s unique wildlife.

Amazon Conservation Team (ACT-Brazil)

ACT-Brazil partners with Indigenous communities to protect the Amazon Rainforest. By supporting traditional land management and conservation strategies, they help maintain vital habitats for species like jaguars, anacondas, and river dolphins. Their work ensures that local communities play a leading role in rainforest protection.

Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Brazil

WCS Brazil focuses on jaguar conservation, protecting large tracts of land to ensure viable populations of these apex predators. Their research and tracking efforts provide valuable data that contribute to the long-term survival of jaguars and other species in the Amazon and Pantanal regions.

Instituto Arara Azul

This organization is dedicated to conserving the Hyacinth Macaw, an iconic species of the Pantanal. Through nest monitoring, habitat restoration, and community involvement, Instituto Arara Azul has helped increase wild populations of these striking blue parrots.

Regua (Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu)

Located in the Atlantic Forest, Regua is a private reserve focused on habitat restoration and ecotourism. They reforest degraded areas, protect threatened species, and offer guided wildlife tours to educate visitors about the importance of conservation in Brazil’s unique ecosystems.

Supporting these organizations—whether through donations, responsible tourism, or volunteering—helps ensure that Brazil’s wildlife continues to thrive for future generations