35 Native Animals in Kenya: A Complete Guide

When I think about Kenya, my mind immediately fills with images of incredible landscapes, from sweeping savannas to dark forests and rugged mountains. But what makes this East African country truly extraordinary as a wildlife destination. Kenya is home to some of the world’s most iconic and fascinating animals, many of which are native to this unique part of the world.

In this guide, I’ll walk you through a complete list of Kenya’s native animals, peppering in some fun facts and insights along the way.

Native Animals in Kenya

The Big Five

Kenya’s Big Five animals are legendary, and for good reason. These species have historically been considered the most difficult and dangerous to hunt, though today they’re much better known for being the stars of safari tours. If you're planning an all-inclusive African safari, keep an eye out for these majestic creatures:

  1. African Elephant – The largest land mammal on Earth, these gentle giants can often be spotted in Amboseli National Park with Mount Kilimanjaro as a backdrop.
  2. African Lion – Known as the “King of the Jungle,” lions dominate the open plains of Kenya’s savannas.
  3. African Leopard – Elusive and stealthy, leopards are best spotted in the early morning or late evening.
  4. Cape Buffalo – These formidable animals are surprisingly aggressive and a key part of Kenya’s ecosystems.
  5. Black Rhinoceros – Critically endangered, the black rhino is a conservation success story, with places like Ol Pejeta Conservancy working tirelessly to protect them.

Other Iconic Mammals

Beyond the Big Five, Kenya is teeming with other mammals that make it a wildlife lover’s paradise. Here are some highlights:

  • Cheetah – The world’s fastest land animal can often be seen sprinting across the savannas of Masai Mara.
  • Giraffe – Specifically, the Rothschild’s giraffe is native to Kenya and can be found in Lake Nakuru National Park.
  • Zebra – Kenya is home to both the plains zebra and the endangered Grevy’s zebra.
  • Hippos and Crocodiles – These aquatic creatures are a common sight in Kenya’s rivers and lakes, especially around Lake Naivasha.
  • Antelope Species – Kenya boasts a variety of antelopes, including the impala, gazelle, oryx, and the long-necked gerenuk, which can browse from trees.
  • Warthog – These tough little animals are a common sight in Kenya’s savannas and woodlands.
  • Hyena – Spotted and striped hyenas are both found in Kenya, known for their incredible scavenging skills.
  • Bat-eared Fox – A smaller and less famous predator, these foxes are known for their oversized ears and nocturnal habits.

Birds of Kenya

Kenya’s birdlife is equally astounding, with over 1,100 recorded species. Here are a few to look out for:

  • African Fish Eagle – Often seen perched by lakes, this bird has an unmistakable call that resonates through the wilderness.
  • Flamingos – Lake Nakuru and Lake Bogoria are famous for their massive flocks of pink flamingos.
  • Secretary Bird – This unique bird of prey is known for its long legs and impressive hunting skills.
  • Crowned Crane – With their striking golden head crests, these birds are a symbol of Africa.
  • Superb Starling – A common but stunning bird with iridescent feathers.
  • Ostrich – The world’s largest bird is a common sight in Kenya’s national parks.

Reptiles and Amphibians

Kenya’s warm climate supports a wide array of reptiles and amphibians:

  • Nile Crocodile – Found in lakes and rivers, these massive reptiles are formidable predators.
  • Chameleons – Kenya boasts several species, including the Jackson’s chameleon with its striking horns.
  • Frogs – From tree frogs to the Kenya horned frog, the variety is impressive.
  • Tortoises – The leopard tortoise is a common sight in the drier regions.
  • Snakes – Kenya is home to a range of snakes, from harmless species to venomous ones like the black mamba and puff adder.

Insects and Arthropods

Kenya’s biodiversity includes countless insect species that are vital to the ecosystem:

  • Safari Ants – Known for their organized marches and teamwork.
  • Butterflies – Kenya’s forests and savannas are home to stunning species like the African swallowtail.
  • Dung Beetles – These industrious insects play a crucial role in nutrient recycling.
  • Bees and Wasps – Vital pollinators for Kenya’s plant life.

Primates

For those fascinated by our closest relatives in the animal kingdom, Kenya is a treasure trove:

  • Olive Baboon – Found in many of Kenya’s national parks, these social primates are hard to miss.
  • Colobus Monkeys – Known for their striking black-and-white fur, they inhabit forested areas like Kakamega Forest.
  • Vervet Monkey – These small, clever monkeys are common in parks and urban areas alike.

Marine Life

Kenya’s Indian Ocean coastline adds another layer of biodiversity. Some marine animals native to Kenya include:

  • Green Sea Turtle – These endangered turtles nest along the coast.
  • Dugong – Rare and elusive, dugongs can sometimes be spotted in Kenya’s marine parks.
  • Coral Reef Fish – From angelfish to clownfish, the reefs are teeming with color.
  • Whale Sharks – These gentle giants migrate along Kenya’s coastline.


Are there any poisonous animals in Kenya?

Yes, Kenya is home to several poisonous animals, including snakes like the black mamba, puff adder, and boomslang. Additionally, certain spiders, scorpions, and other venomous creatures can be found, particularly in rural or wild areas.

Does Kenya have a national animal?

Yes, Kenya’s national animal is the African lion, symbolizing courage, strength, and the country’s rich wildlife heritage.

Are giraffes native to Kenya?

Yes, giraffes are native to Kenya. The country is home to three subspecies: the Maasai giraffe, Rothschild's giraffe, and reticulated giraffe. They can be found in various national parks and reserves.

Are elephants native to Kenya?

Yes, elephants are native to Kenya. The African elephant, particularly the savanna elephant, is found in large numbers in reserves such as Amboseli, Tsavo, and Samburu National Parks.

Do zebras live in Kenya?

Yes, zebras live in Kenya. The country is home to two species: the plains zebra and the endangered Grevy’s zebra. They are commonly seen grazing in Kenya’s national parks and savannas.

What are the top 5 animals in Kenya?

The top 5 animals in Kenya, often referred to as the “Big Five,” are: Lion, Elephant, Leopard, Rhinoceros, and Buffalo. These animals were historically considered the most challenging and prestigious to hunt and are now the most sought after for wildlife viewing.

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